The 5 most common diseases in children

With the end of summer vacation and the return of school, children are spending more time in classrooms and social settings. This increases the risk of certain illnesses, especially for children whose immune systems are still developing.

During this period, it is crucial for parents to closely monitor their children's health, support their hygiene habits, and follow the vaccination schedule, said Medline Adana Hospital Child Health and Diseases Specialist Dr. Özgül Özbek, who explained the most common diseases.

"Upper respiratory tract infections"

Specialist Dr. Özbek listed five diseases seen during the school year and the precautions that can be taken:

Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common health problem in school-aged children. These include colds, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and the flu. Crowded classrooms, inadequate ventilation, and close contact between children all contribute to increased transmission. Symptoms include a runny nose, cough, sore throat, and fever. Regular handwashing, adequate fluid intake, and frequent ventilation of classrooms reduce the risk of infection.

middle ear infection

Another common condition, especially in preschool and elementary school-aged children, is middle ear infection. It often develops following common upper respiratory tract infections. Symptoms include earache, fever, decreased hearing, and restlessness. If left untreated, it can even lead to hearing problems. It's important for parents to pay attention to their child's complaints and consult a doctor if necessary.

Diarrhea and gastrointestinal infections

Food brought from home or in school cafeterias that is not properly stored or hygienically compromised can increase the risk of gastrointestinal infections. Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting are among the most common symptoms. It's crucial for children to drink plenty of fluids and maintain good hygiene. Washing hands before and after eating and instilling this habit is a simple yet effective way to prevent these illnesses.

Eye infections (Conjunctivitis)

Conjunctivitis, which manifests as redness, itching, watering, and crusting in the eyes, is an infection that can spread rapidly during school years. It's easily spread among children through shared items such as towels, pencils, erasers, and toys. The most important preventative measure is to avoid sharing personal items. Children with eye infections are advised to rest at home for a while to avoid infecting their classmates.

Asthma and allergic diseases

Another common health problem in school-aged children is asthma and allergies. Dust, pollen, classroom air pollution, or certain foods can trigger allergic reactions. These can lead to symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, skin rashes, or itching. It's important for children with asthma to take their medications regularly, and for their teachers to be informed about this. Furthermore, frequent ventilation of the classroom and keeping it as dust-free as possible significantly reduces allergy symptoms.